In my last two columns on happiness, I considered the ways in which income, health, gender, social media and social connection, and religion all affect one’s happiness. Today, I’ve arrived at the factor that started me thinking about this topic in the first place: the ways that politics and political ideology impact a person’s happiness.
I’ll begin by noting that a substantial body of research and surveys supports the idea that in general, conservatives are consistently happier than liberals. For just one example, when center-left political analyst Nate Silver looked at a recent survey of self-reported happiness among 60,000 Americans, he noted some of the most important take-aways:
“The average American self-reports at a 60 on this [0-100] scale: in other words, somewhere between good and very good mental health. But liberals average a score of 53 and conservatives a 68.”
The survey included the categories I’ve already written about (e.g. income, religious affiliation) as well as some I haven’t (sexual orientation, marital status, parents vs. childless), but he acknowledges that “the liberal-conservative gap is fairly consistent across all of these characteristics,” and that respondents’ political ideology correlates more closely with happiness than any of those other factors do.
Other studies came to similar conclusions. A 2022 Tuft’s “Equity in America” survey asked a demographically balanced pool of around 2000 respondents to rate themselves as “Very happy,” “Pretty happy,” or “Not too happy.” The results – controlling for the usual other factors of income, race, health, religion, age, etc. – showed that conservatives were “significantly more likely to report being happy” than were liberals.
The trend is the same among many other studies – from Pew in 2006, the General Social Survey (GSS) in 2018 and again in 2023, the Institute for Family Studies in 2025, the World Happiness Report in 2024, the Harvard Youth Poll in 2023-24, etc.. A meta-analysis established the overall gap: 37-45% of conservatives describe themselves as “very happy” compared to only 12-30% of liberals.
For what it’s worth, my own anecdotal experience with many conservative and lefty friends generally follows this pattern from the research. Of course I’ve known some sunny liberals and some dour conservatives, but overall, the reverse is usually true. And of the smaller number in my social circles whose politics have changed over the years, everybody who has moved to the left has gotten less happy. Make of that what you will.
To be fair, there are various ways in which both of these findings – happy conservatives and unhappy liberals – can be interpreted. Unsurprisingly, both sides tend to interpret their own positions in the ways most complimentary to themselves. Because: human nature.
Lefties who admit that they are more unhappy or pessimistic, for example, usually explain that by pointing to a few common causes:
1.Their own greater understanding of the world. If we conservatives comprehended the deep, existential/philosophical limitations, unfairness and tragedy of life, we’d be dour leftists, too. In this view, “intelligent” is pretty much a synonym for “leftist,” as “shallow dullard” is for “conservative.”
During high school this position is more social fashion than an intellectual stance. Think about teenage “goths,” with their black clothes, makeup, and performative alienation that positions themselves as insightful and perceptive outsiders, as opposed to the normies – the jocks, cheerleaders and rich kids – whose blithe and shallow happiness is the consequence of their oblivious self-satisfaction. If you’re not scowling and scoffing, you just don’t get it.
(I don’t mean to criticize those who went through a goth phase more than anyone else. The teen years are tough, and pretty much everybody puts on performative selves. “Jock” and “cheerleader” are poses – with behavioral codes and uniforms – just as much as “goth” is.)
In college, the romanticized alienation of high school gets layered over with intellectual pretensions. I think of undergrad leftists as goths with a reading list. They trade in all-black wardrobes and pancake makeup for eccentric hair colors and styles, and fashionably critical/rebellious/anti-Western thinkers, writers and bands. The most pretentious among them might actually wear berets (very rare), and preach knowingly about Sartre, the postmodernists and Marx (not rare at all).
But the underlying intellectual prejudice – that lefties are smart and righties dumb – continues. Catastrophist climate change doomerism is the only defensible environmental position; the “masculinity is inherently toxic” take on feminism the only defensible gender position; socialist redistribution and suppression of free market capitalism the only defensible economic position; the superiority of Third-world anti-Westernism the only defensible global politics position.
Anyone who disagrees is a science denier, somehow. (Ask any Marxists, and they’ll tell you: they’re on “the right side of history.”)
2. Many lefties don’t just associate their politics with intellectual superiority, but with moral superiority too. Leftists see themselves as having great empathy and sympathy with the downtrodden, the have-nots, and the racial, ethnic, gender and religious minorities. They often apply a concept I remember from a family psychology class – “Good parents are only as happy as their least happy child.” – to the entire society.
(That might sound good at first. What kind of monstrous parent can be happily unaffected by the misery of his children? But if you’ve got more than two children – and sometimes if you only have one! – one or more of them will regularly be unhappy to some degree. Therefore, no parent should ever be happy?)
Trying to apply this idea to any society leads one to a rhetorical question that is really an indictment:
“How can you sleep at night, knowing that [insert allegedly victimized person or group here] is suffering in [insert location or situation here]?” This could be “…knowing that gays are getting mocked or hassled by some straight people,” or “…women are being ogled/harassed by men” or “…blacks are being arrested in greater numbers” or “…poor people are living in food deserts” or “…Palestinians are being genocided.” Etc.
The message is consistent: if you’re not dour and miserable, you’re not a smart, serious, or moral person. That position naturally creates unhappiness, since if you catch yourself feeling happy, you start feeling guilty.
But I don’t want to let our side off the hook. We also choose self-flattering reasons to explain our happiness. We think that we know the truth about life – men and women are different and cannot transition back and forth; we’ll do better managing our own lives than the government would; individuals are responsible for their own choices, and should reap the benefits of good choices and suffer the consequences of bad ones, etc. (Okay, so we’re clearly right about those.)
Especially if we’re doing well in life, we can become cocky. If we are religious, we naturally believe that our religion is the true one, and that can make us self-righteously judgmental. We can also be uncharitable to our lefty fellow citizens, as I have often been. For example, it’s easy to watch some anti-ICE protestors, and point out that they are losers in life, rude and angry and hateful, as ugly on the inside as they have made themselves on the outside.
And though there is always some truth in that, there are also some errors and misunderstandings, arising from our limited knowledge of the lives and minds of others. Many of them are obviously hurting. They’ve had absent fathers or neglectful or abusive parents, and they’ve been badly educated in ways that made them vulnerable to propaganda and indoctrination. Some of them are not very intelligent. Many of them have had fewer opportunities than some of us have had.
Some combination of all of the above has given many of them less margin for error than some of us, and made it harder for them to recover from bad choices. The fact that they’re doing relatively poorly in our system naturally makes them too quick to blame the system rather than look at their own actions. But it’s also true that our own success can make us too quick to take all of the credit for our accomplishments, and to assign all blame for others’ failures entirely to their own actions. And that is rarely completely true.
In my next (and last) column on this topic, I’ll consider the chicken-and-egg question – are unhappy people drawn to leftism, or does being a leftist make one unhappy? – and the role played by general optimism and pessimism, and some potential ways to shrink the happiness gap…without making ourselves as unhappy as leftists!
Que Mala/Crockett, 2028!
0-0-0
If you enjoyed this column, please share it, and click Subscribe (on the bottom of your phone screen, or the right side of your computer screen) to receive a notice when new columns post.